Rubber

Originally from South America, rubber trees currently also grow in other tropical regions of the globe, namely in Southeast Asia and West Africa, in countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana, and Liberia. Under the European Union (EU) Deforestation Regulation, rubber is one of the seven commodity groups in scope. Historical deforestation associated with the production of natural rubber is estimated at nearly 2 million hectares between 2001-2023, mostly in Côte d’Ivoire, Thailand, and Vietnam. In the EU, 75 percent of the natural rubber consumed is used in the tyre industry. Therefore, tyre companies such as Michelin, Pirelli, and Goodyear, and automakers, such as BMW, Mercedes, Renault, and Volkswagen are large, European-based companies that have a crucial role in demand and consumption dynamics, influencing trade flows and the supply chain itself through their purchasing practices.

Main exporters of Rubber

The top 5 exporters of Rubber are: Thailand (32.3%) , Indonesia (15.3%) , Côte d'Ivoire (11.4%) , Viet Nam (9.0%) , China (5.9%) , Together, they represent 73.8% of global Rubber exports in 2025.

Top 5 global producers of Rubber

Rubber Trade Heatmaps

Rubber overview for the entire EU

HS Code	Description	Total Non-EU Imports (MT)	Relative Share (%)
4001	Natural rubber i Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle and similar natural gums, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	1,029,033	21%
4005	Compounded rubber i Compounded rubber, unvulcanised, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	84,879	2%
4006	Unvulcanised rubber i Unvulcanised rubber in other forms (e.g., rods, tubes, and profile shapes)	5,719	0%
4007	Vulcanised rubber thread i Vulcanised rubber thread and cord	9,788	0%
4008	Vulcanised rubber plates i Plates, sheets, strips, rods and profile shapes, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	118,012	2%
4010	Rubber belts i Conveyor or transmission belts or belting, of vulcanised rubber, other than hard rubber	93,845	2%
4011	New pneumatic rubber tyres i New pneumatic tyres, of rubber	2,701,731	54%
4012	Used pneumatic rubber tyres i Retreaded or used pneumatic tyres of rubber	119,667	2%
4013	Inner tubes i Inner tubes, of rubber	25,729	1%
4015	Rubber apparel and accessories i Articles of apparel and clothing accessories (including gloves, mittens and mitts), for all purposes of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	355,028	7%
4016	Other rubber articles i Other articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, not elsewhere specified in chapter 40	415,130	8%
4017	Hard rubber i Hard rubber (i.e., ebonite) in all forms including waste and scrap	3,463	0%

Top importers of Rubber per product

HS Code	Products	Relative Share of non-EU imports (%)	#1 i For each of the top-5 ranking EU27 importers, the table displays the country (name); trade volume (metric tons), and share of the product (%)	#2	#3	#4	#5
4001	Natural rubber i Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle and similar natural gums, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	21%	Spain 136,459 13.3%	Germany 127,587 12.4%	Belgium 113,279 11.0%	Italy 100,293 9.7%	Poland 96,415 9.4%
4005	Compounded rubber i Compounded rubber, unvulcanised, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	2%	Belgium 27,432 32.3%	Germany 14,509 17.1%	Italy 8,688 10.2%	Spain 8,675 10.2%	Poland 5,080 6.0%
4006	Unvulcanised rubber i Unvulcanised rubber in other forms (e.g., rods, tubes, and profile shapes)	0%	Netherlands 2,461 43.0%	Germany 830 14.5%	Romania 578 10.1%	Czechia 553 9.7%	Belgium 396 6.9%
4007	Vulcanised rubber thread i Vulcanised rubber thread and cord	0%	Italy 3,523 36.0%	Spain 978 10.0%	Poland 920 9.4%	Greece 606 6.2%	Sweden 602 6.2%
4008	Vulcanised rubber plates i Plates, sheets, strips, rods and profile shapes, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	2%	Netherlands 28,433 24.1%	Germany 17,711 15.0%	Italy 10,317 8.7%	Spain 9,687 8.2%	France 8,290 7.0%
4010	Rubber belts i Conveyor or transmission belts or belting, of vulcanised rubber, other than hard rubber	2%	Netherlands 20,235 21.6%	Germany 16,546 17.6%	Italy 14,718 15.7%	Poland 10,138 10.8%	Spain 8,087 8.6%
4011	New pneumatic rubber tyres i New pneumatic tyres, of rubber	54%	Germany 501,160 18.5%	Netherlands 322,367 11.9%	Italy 299,286 11.1%	France 249,358 9.2%	Spain 242,622 9.0%
4012	Used pneumatic rubber tyres i Retreaded or used pneumatic tyres of rubber	2%	Germany 33,809 28.3%	Belgium 19,523 16.3%	Netherlands 14,238 11.9%	France 11,987 10.0%	Italy 11,152 9.3%
4013	Inner tubes i Inner tubes, of rubber	1%	Germany 5,108 19.9%	Netherlands 4,136 16.1%	France 2,917 11.3%	Spain 2,876 11.2%	Italy 2,475 9.6%
4015	Rubber apparel and accessories i Articles of apparel and clothing accessories (including gloves, mittens and mitts), for all purposes of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	7%	Germany 86,846 24.5%	Italy 40,504 11.4%	Netherlands 39,737 11.2%	Spain 35,999 10.1%	Poland 32,562 9.2%
4016	Other rubber articles i Other articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, not elsewhere specified in chapter 40	8%	Germany 113,098 27.2%	Netherlands 44,318 10.7%	France 37,569 9.1%	Spain 33,035 8.0%	Poland 28,923 7.0%
4017	Hard rubber i Hard rubber (i.e., ebonite) in all forms including waste and scrap	0%	Belgium 1,067 30.8%	France 926 26.8%	Netherlands 323 9.4%	Spain 258 7.5%	Italy 194 5.6%

Top exporters of Rubber per product

HS Code	Products	Relative Share of non-EU imports (%)	#1 i -Country (name) -Trade volume (MT) -share of product (%)	#2	#3	#4	#5
4001	Natural rubber i Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle and similar natural gums, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	21%	Côte d’Ivoire 397,654 38.6%	Thailand 231,187 22.5%	Indonesia 140,107 13.6%	Malaysia 91,033 8.8%	Viet Nam 68,555 6.7%
4005	Compounded rubber i Compounded rubber, unvulcanised, in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip	2%	United Kingdom 33,645 39.6%	Türkiye 19,111 22.5%	Thailand 12,016 14.1%	United States 7,738 9.1%	China 2,700 3.2%
4006	Unvulcanised rubber i Unvulcanised rubber in other forms (e.g., rods, tubes, and profile shapes)	0%	Belarus 2,018 35.3%	China 1,434 25.1%	Thailand 537 9.4%	Türkiye 461 8.1%	Ukraine 430 7.5%
4007	Vulcanised rubber thread i Vulcanised rubber thread and cord	0%	Thailand 3,870 39.5%	Malaysia 2,784 28.4%	Türkiye 1,025 10.5%	India 800 8.2%	China 561 5.7%
4008	Vulcanised rubber plates i Plates, sheets, strips, rods and profile shapes, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	2%	China 47,970 40.6%	Türkiye 16,433 13.9%	United States 16,192 13.7%	India 13,589 11.5%	United Kingdom 6,033 5.1%
4010	Rubber belts i Conveyor or transmission belts or belting, of vulcanised rubber, other than hard rubber	2%	China 71,893 76.5%	Türkiye 7,768 8.3%	India 3,778 4.0%	United Kingdom 3,717 4.0%	Taiwan 1,387 1.5%
4011	New pneumatic rubber tyres i New pneumatic tyres, of rubber	54%	China 1,108,402 41.0%	India 284,711 10.5%	Türkiye 230,964 8.5%	Thailand 201,600 7.5%	Korea, Republic of 199,223 7.4%
4012	Used pneumatic rubber tyres i Retreaded or used pneumatic tyres of rubber	2%	Sri Lanka 41,558 34.3%	United Kingdom 18,015 14.9%	Switzerland 17,399 14.4%	Japan 6,161 5.1%	China 5,881 4.9%
4013	Inner tubes i Inner tubes, of rubber	1%	China 12,230 47.5%	Viet Nam 5,609 21.8%	Korea, Republic of 2,584 10.0%	Thailand 1,832 7.1%	India 1,051 4.1%
4015	Rubber apparel and accessories i Articles of apparel and clothing accessories (including gloves, mittens and mitts), for all purposes of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber	7%	China 174,436 48.5%	Malaysia 85,632 23.8%	Thailand 40,486 11.3%	United Kingdom 22,469 6.2%	Sri Lanka 14,639 4.1%
4016	Other rubber articles i Other articles of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, not elsewhere specified in chapter 40	8%	China 173,610 41.7%	Türkiye 73,448 17.7%	India 52,455 12.6%	Serbia 15,424 3.7%	United Kingdom 11,576 2.8%
4017	Hard rubber i Hard rubber (i.e., ebonite) in all forms including waste and scrap	0%	China 2,517 67.2%	Morocco 199 5.3%	India 112 3.0%	United Kingdom 109 2.9%	Switzerland 101 2.7%

Data freshness Latest source update: 20 March 2026 Last checked: 13 April 2026, 12:29